Chemical, clinical and environmental aspects of selenium present in Brazil nuts: a literature review

Resumo

In this review, we aim to present and update knowledge about the aspects that relate selenium from Brazil nuts, the advantages of its consumption for the prevention oxidative damage and other relevant aspects to human health. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for the human body and has been studied regarding its bioavailability and antioxidant action against diseases. Among the nuts, the Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) stands out for being one of the richest sources of Se, as well as for its different chemical forms, mainly linked to different proteins. Se is found in the active site of enzymes and catalyzes oxidation/reduction reactions, and is therefore essential for the synthesis of glutathione peroxidase, which prevents oxidative processes. Adequate intake of Se in the diet can improve immunity and fertility in humans and animals, as well as aid in resistance to oxidation, tumors and pathogenic microorganisms.